Eschscholzia is a genus of 12 species of annuals and perennials in the family Papaveraceae, native to the United States and Mexico.
Most of these species have basal leaves and funnel shaped flowers consisted of four yellow or orange petals that grow at the end of the stem. They are beautiful, drought-tolerant and easy to maintain.
The genus name was given in honor of Baltic German botanist Dr Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz (1793-1831).
Eschscholzia is a symbol of sleep and peace.
Eschscholzia californica is the most popular member of the genus. The species is native to the United States and ranges from Southern California to Southern Washington, Nevada and New Mexico. Its flowers are solitary on long stems, with four petals that close at night or in cold weather to protect the delicate parts.
Eschscholzia californica is the state flower of California and is also known as the California Poppy. April 6th is California Poppy Day and May 13-18 is Poppy Week.
The plant has many medicinal properties. It is anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic, diuretic and hypnotic.
Unlike many other members of the family Papaveraceae, Eschscholzia californica is not an opiate and it’s not addictive.
Traditionally, the plant has been used as a sedative and anxiolytic when made as a tea. It has been used to relieve insomnia, help with pain and nervousness. In recent years it has been proven to be useful in the treatment of heroin addiction and withdrawal.
